【论文】王崇锋：基于专利视角的中国环境类和非环境类技术质量差异分析

摘要 在美国金融危机影响下，中国以工业为代表的实体经济不可避免的受到了强力冲击，改变经济发展方式成为摆脱金融危机阴影的迫切需求。因此，改变工业发展模式、寻找新的经济增长点逐渐成为全社会的共识。在所有工业类技术中，环境类技术在中国经济转型中发挥着直接的作用，而环境类技术本身的效能发挥又直接取决于技术本身的质量水平。本文将以技术的最直接成果———发明专利作为研究对象，从专利数据入手对比环境类及其相邻领域的非环境类技术间的质量及其技术含量差异。许多学者认为，专利的授权及其存续时长能够反映出专利的质量水平———即授权率高，存续时间长的专利的质量明显高于授权率低，存续时间短的专利质量。本文首先对比了中国环境类专利和非环境类专利的授权和存续时长。其次，本文从专利的分类号入手对比了中国环境类和非环境类专利的技术复杂度。通过对比发现，中国环境类专利的质量水平和技术水平皆低于其相邻领域非环境类专利技术。究其原因，本文认为主要是由于以政府为主体的社会各界长期以来对环境类专利研发重视不够所致。最后，提出了促进中国环境类专利发展的思考。

关键词 环境类专利;非环境类专利;专利授权;专利长度

Differentia Analysis of China’s Environmental and Non-environment Technical Quality Based on the Perspective of Patent

WANG Chong-feng

Abstract Under the influence of American financial crisis，the industry-based real economy in China is inevitably subject to strong impacts，so changing the mode of economic development is the urgent need to get rid of the financial crisis． Therefore，changing the industrial development mode and seeking new economic growth points have gradually become the consensus of the whole society． In all aspects of industrial technologies，the environmental technology is playing a direct role in the economic transition in China，while the effectiveness and performance of environmental technology directly depend on the quality level of the technology． The paper adopted the most direct result of the technology—patent for invention as the research object，and compared the quality and technical differences between environmental technologies and non-environmental technologies in related areas based on patent data． Many scholars think that the patent authorization and its surviving time represent the quality level of the patent—which means the patent with higher authorization rate and longer surviving time has higher quality than the one with lower authorization rate and shorter surviving time． This paper firstly compared of the authorization and surviving time of China’s environmental and non-environmental patents． Then it compared the technical complexity of them in terms of patent classification number． After the comparison，we found that both the quality level and the technical level of China’s environmental patent were lower than that of its adjacent non-environmental patent technology． This paper thought that the major reason was that all sectors of the society with government as the main body have not paid enough attention to the research and development of environmental patents for a long time． At last，it puts forwards suggestions on the development of China’s environmental patents．

Key words environmental patents; non-environmental patents; patents’granting; patents’duration